Embryonic development

What is it and why does it happen?

Embryonic development is the process by which a multicellular organism forms and grows from a single fertilized egg or zygote. It begins with fertilization, where the sperm joins the egg and fuses their genetic material. From this moment on, cell division begins and different embryonic stages are successively formed.

What are its stages?

Fertilization.

Occurs when a sperm fuses with an egg, forming the zygote, which contains the complete combination of genetic material from both parents.

Segmentation.

The zygote begins to divide repeatedly by mitosis, forming cells called blastomeres. These successive divisions give rise to a compact structure of cells known as a morula.

Blastulation.

The morula transforms into a blastocyst. At this stage, the cells organize into an inner cell mass and a fluid-filled cavity.

Gastrulation.

During this stage, the cells of the blastocyst reorganize and three germ layers are formed: the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Each layer will give rise to different tissues and organs in the developing embryo.

Organogenesis.

The stage in which organs and body systems form and develop from the germ layers established during gastrulation.

What happens next?

Fetal development.

From about the eighth week, the embryo is considered a fetus. During this stage, organs and systems continue to mature and grow. The fetus undergoes continuous development until the time of birth.

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